Author: Anna Hartzog MD and Chinwe Unegbu MD – Children’s National Hospital


A 16-year-old, 60 kg female adolescent with severe aortic insufficiency and symptomatic bradycardia presents for aortic valve repair versus replacement and pacemaker implantation. Which of the following complications is the LEAST LIKELY to occur after insertion of a transvenous pacemaker as compared to an epicardial pacemaker?